Archive for the ‘Colorado’ Category
Posted by Christopher Coen on May 18, 2012
Denver police say a group that killed Sudanese refugee Jimma Reat were out on a night of car theft and trouble-making, and included two unspecified juvenile gang members (it was the Latin Kings gang that attacked Sudanese refugees in 2002 in Chicago). The Denver 911 director has now fired a 911 operator for withholding medical assistance from one of the Sudanese callers, who repeatedly asked for medical aid, and wrongly telling him to return to the scene of the first incident, where Reet was then killed. An article in the Denver Post (and here) has updated information on the case:
Denver police believe a group that included two juvenile gang members out on a night of car theft and troublemaking killed Sudanese refugee Jimma Reat.
No arrests have been made in the case. Police are asking for the public’s help in locating witnesses or others involved in the shooting in the early hours of April 1.
Reat, 25, was shot in the back blocks from West 10th Avenue and Sheridan Boulevard in Denver, where he and other members of his family were taunted by a group of Latino men driving a stolen Jeep who threw bottles and waved a gun at their vehicle.
After the altercation, Reat and his family went to their apartment in Wheat Ridge. A 911 operator told them to return to Denver, where they were fired upon by the same group that had attacked them moments before.
Denver 911 director Carl Simpson on Tuesday fired the operator for mishandling the call.
“Witnesses say there were four or five parties in the vehicle,” Detective Randy Denison said of the suspects’ car. “What we are looking for is to identify the other possible occupants.”
The occupants of the Jeep didn’t flash gang signs or tout any gang affiliation, but the criminal history of the two teens now suspected suggests they are gang members, Denison said. He said he didn’t know whether one of them — or someone else in the Jeep — fired the fatal shot…
…Reat and his companions didn’t see the Jeep until it pulled up beside them at a light. “There was not much conversation. The brothers say these guys just pull up beside them, and they think they are just saying, ‘Hello,’ and Jimma and his friends just kind of wave. They just think these guys are just giving them the nod,” Denison said… Read more here
Posted in Denver, police, safety, South Sudanese | Tagged: 9/11, car theft, Denver, gang, Jimma Reat, police, refugees, resettlement, sudanese | Leave a Comment »
Posted by Christopher Coen on April 10, 2012
In addition to the two recent murders of South Sudanese refugees in Denver, the director of ECDC African Community Center says that there have been many incidents of the refugees being attacked, hassled and threatened in the city. A young South Sudanese man was shot in the neck and paralyzed from the waist down when two men robbed him as he returned to his Denver apartment one afternoon last June. Another South Sudanese refugee reports having been laughed at, called ugly and told to go back to where he came from. A teenage girl once threatened to hit him with a rock, he said, and he believes that the Sudanese have been victims due to their darker color (most Sudanese have skin that is darker than that of the average African-American). An article in the Denver Post gives other details of abusive treatment and crimes against local South Sudanese residents:
Jimma Reat’s murder last week in Denver was one more blow to a war-scarred community of Sudanese refugees still struggling to come to grips with the unsolved shooting death of Reat’s uncle four months ago.
The immigrants from the African country are frequently victims, said Project Education Sudan director Carol Rinehart.
“There are a lot of incidents with Sudanese being attacked, hassled and threatened,” Rinehart said. “They have been through a lot of trauma, and to have this happen to them, it just creates more anxiety.”…
…”This is a community that knows death. That doesn’t make it any easier,” said Jennifer Gueddiche, director of the ECDC African Community Center…
…David Deng, who came to the United States in 2001, was shot in the neck and paralyzed from the waist down when two men robbed him as he returned to his Denver apartment one afternoon last June. When a friend called and told him of Reat’s death, the news hit him hard.
“That is scaring me,” said Deng, 30. “We don’t know why there are a lot of bad things happening.”
His sentiment is widely shared within the tight-knit community of refugees that numbers about 6,000, Gueddiche said…
…”This is huge. They’re just absolutely devastated,” she said. “Imagine coming to a place where you are supposed to be safe. … This is the second random act of violence on this community.”
The recent burst of violence began Dec. 26, when Reat’s uncle, Youn Malual, was shot and killed in the parking lot of his Arapahoe County apartment building.
A father of five, he was returning from his job as a bus mechanic when he was attacked. He had no enemies, said Dengpathot, who thinks Malual’s death was the result of someone’s road rage.
His killer hasn’t been caught. Denver police also are still seeking those involved in Reat’s death. The longer the killers stay free, the more likely they — or someone else — will hurt another person, said Reat’s uncle, Thomas Puot…
…Authorities in Denver and Arapahoe County have said they have no reason to think the shootings of Mulual and Reat are related.
“At this point, we don’t have any indication of a connection, but it is something we will keep open,” said Denver police Capt. Ron Saunier, head of the Crimes Against Persons Bureau. “I don’t want to rule it out.”
The investigation into Malual’s death is active, and investigators are working on “significant” leads, said Arapahoe County Sheriff Grayson Robinson.
Saunier said there is no indication that Reat’s death is gang-related.
The assailants, who appeared to be Latino, screamed racial epithets during the attack, said Reat’s brother, Ran James Pal, 25, who was driving that night.
That racial slurs would be part of the assault doesn’t surprise Isaac Bher, 32, who immigrated in 2001 and is now a U.S. citizen. Most Sudanese have skin that is darker than that of the average African-American.
“I know we have been victims by our darker color,” Bher said. “Even the African-Americans are not very happy with us.”
He said he has been laughed at, called ugly and told to go back to where [he] came from. A teenage girl once threatened to hit him with a rock, he said… Read more here
Posted in African Community Center (Denver), dangerous neighborhoods, Denver, police, safety, South Sudanese | Tagged: African Community Center, attacks, Denver, racial prejudice, refugees, resettlement, shootings, sudanese | Leave a Comment »
Posted by Christopher Coen on April 9, 2012
A 24-year-old Sudanese refugee in Denver was shot to death while riding in his brother’s car after a police dispatcher instructed his brother to go back to the scene where someone had threatened them with a gun. The dispatcher also failed to send a police officer to the scene for about four minutes after the brother reported that men had threatened them with a gun. The original incident started at a traffic light as the young Sudanese men were driving when a Jeep rolled up beside them and men inside started to call them names using the N-word. The men got out of a Jeep (a stolen vehicle) and threw beer bottles, breaking the car’s rear window. Last December an uncle of the young man killed was also shot to death behind his home after returning home from work in the early morning hours, in a crime that is still unsolved. An article in the Denver Post documents what happened during the latest incident:
A Denver 911 operator was mistaken when he told a motorist to return to the area where he and his companions had been threatened in a road-rage incident — moments before a fatal shooting, the head of the city’s emergency phone system acknowledged Monday.
Jimma Reat, a 24-year-old Sudanese refugee, died in the incident.
Reat and three companions had safely returned to his Wheat Ridge apartment and called 911 to report the altercation early Sunday when the 911 operator instructed them to drive back to Denver and wait for a police officer.
While they waited, a Jeep that had been involved in the earlier incident appeared and someone opened fire, killing Reat…
…failed to dispatch a police officer for about four minutes after one of Reat’s brothers told him that a carload of men, one of them flourishing a gun, threatened them…
…Reat’s brother, Gatwec Dengpathot, said the group had returned to the parking lot at Reat’s apartment in Wheat Ridge after the altercation, during which someone threatened them with a gun…
…One of Reat’s brothers, who was driving the Dodge Charger, was on a cellphone talking to the operator.
“He told the dispatcher that it isn’t safe there,” Dengpathot said. “We don’t want to go there, that is where the problem happened, they were threatening us with a gun.”
But after a few moments, “they finally submitted to the (operator’s) authority” and returned to West 29th Avenue, just east of Sheridan Boulevard, within Denver’s border, Dengpathot said…
…The original incident started at a traffic light as the group was driving north on Sheridan, at West 10th, when the Jeep rolled up beside the Charger, and the men inside started to call them “names using the N-word,” Dengpathot said.
The men, he said, got out of the Jeep and threw beer bottles, breaking the Charger’s rear window… Read more here
Posted in African Community Center (Denver), dangerous neighborhoods, Denver, police, safety, South Sudanese | Tagged: Denver, dispatcher, killing, resettlement, rfugees, shooting, sudanese | Leave a Comment »
Posted by Christopher Coen on March 16, 2012
Joshua Foust, a Fellow at the American Security Project and the author of Afghanistan Journal: Selections from Registan.net, writes that Jamshid Muhtorov, the Uzbek refugee from Denver who prosecutors accuse of aiding a terrorist organization, will probably not get a fair trial. Foust notes the prosecution won’t let Muhtorov’s defense know or discuss how the prosecution claims to know that Muhtorov “knew” he was going to go help an organization fight US forces. Prosecutors are holding Muhtorov on secret evidence, including witness statements, which by definition of being secret cannot be scrutinized or challenged. The prosecution also alleges, without presenting any evidence, that Muhtorov is too violent to release publicly, though they have not charged him with planning any violent attacks. Furthermore, the prosecution alleges that years of documentation showing that Muhtorov was indeed a human rights activist, including leaked State Department cables, are questionable at best because “some online articles” (a blogger’s rantings) accused Muhtorov of faking everything. (???) So, the prosecution has resorted to repeating rumors on the Internet to defame this man, rather than relying on real evidence.
Foust writes that it gives him pause when terrorism cases are built on hearsay, internet comments, crazed lunatics posting 6,000 word anger-rants, and secret evidence. He says that it should concern people that this leaves either a trial based on flimsy, circumstantial internet behavior for a pre-crime or thought-crime, or it leaves a secret, unchallengeable Soviet-style trial with secret evidence that no one can scrutinize. Foust’s analysis is found at the Registan:
The Denver Post has been following the saga of Uzbek refugee turned terror suspect Jamshid Muhtorov, since he settled in the U.S. in Aurora, a city next to Denver, Colorado (when I was doing my undergrad in Boulder, I would teach classes for the Princeton review in Aurora and Columbine, if you can believe it).
While the case itself remains under investigation — we have yet to see if the government is going to bring any non-circumstantial evidence forward — the coverage of said case, including the credulity given to the prosecution’s statements and publicly declared evidence in the press, is pretty surprising… Read more here
Posted in Denver, security/terrorism, Uzbek | Tagged: Denver, freedom fighter, human rights, refugees, resettlement, terrorism, Uzbek | 1 Comment »
Posted by Christopher Coen on February 4, 2012
A federal grand jury has indicted an Uzbek refugee living in Denver for alleged material support to an Uzbekistan group that the U.S. State Department designates a foreign terrorist organization. But the group is fighting the Uzbekistan dictatorship that U.S. diplomats spoke out against for its indiscriminate use of force after police mowed down hundreds of pro-democracy demonstrators in 2005. The regime practices torture of activists and ordinary citizens using electric shock, boiling water and the threat of rape and sexual humiliation, thus radicalizing many Uzbeks. A professor calls the Uzbek dictator one of the world’s worst human-rights violators. (Reminds me of the US government’s help in creating the Iranian Islamic regime via support for the Shah of Iran’s widespread repression and human rights abuses.) Human Rights Watch claims that the material-support law is overbroad and that it’s a problem if our government uses the law improperly against anybody who was not actually involved in terrorism. An article in The Denver Post explains the story:
AURORA — The Uzbek refugee facing terrorism charges in Denver was a merchant turned human-rights activist who tried to defend farmers, opposed Uzbekistan’s dictator after a 2005 massacre, endured a detention that left him bloody, saw his sister arrested on a false murder charge…
The plight of Jamshid Muhtorov, 35, looked so bleak that the United Nations and U.S. government rescued him, along with his wife and two small children. U.S. authorities gave Muhtorov a comfortable new perch in Colorado…
But now the same government that rescued Muhtorov is prosecuting him under a law that prohibits “material support” for terrorists.
FBI agents arrested him in Chicago on Jan. 21 while he was en route to Turkey. A federal grand jury indicted him for allegedly providing material support to the Islamic Jihad Union — which the U.S. State Department has designated a foreign terrorist organization — and attempting to provide material support.
It’s a complicated case that raises questions about the fine line between freedom fighter and terrorist. The portrait of Muhtorov that emerges from State Department reports — including a leaked diplomatic cable, and from interviews with human-rights colleagues — is one of an idealist forced to flee for his life. He — like Libyans, Egyptians and others — remained keenly aware of the continuing repression and fight for freedom back home…
…A federal affidavit does not reveal much about the substance of his alleged material support...
The law [that prohibits "material support" for terrorists] is controversial.
“Human Rights Watch definitely has concerns that the material-support law is overbroad,” said Laura Pitter, an adviser on counterterrorism for U.S.-based Human Rights Watch, which worked with Muhtorov inside Uzbekistan. “If the material-support law was being used improperly against somebody who was not actually involved in terrorism, then that would be a problem.”…
…In 2005, U.S. diplomats spoke out publicly against Uzbekistan’s indiscriminate use of force when police mowed down hundreds of pro-democracy demonstrators at Andijan, near where Muhtorov was working.
Since then, [Uzbekistan's dictator, Islam Karimov's] repression has intensified and includes torture of activists and ordinary citizens using electric shock, boiling water and the threat of rape and sexual humiliation, said Hugh Williamson, director of Human Rights Watch’s Europe and Central Asia division...
“The longstanding dictator of Uzbekistan is one of the worst human-rights violators in the world,” said Nader Hashemi, an assistant professor at the University of Denver who studies Middle East and Islamic affairs.
Ruthless torture and oppression by Karimov “have radicalized a lot of Uzbeks who are seeking a revolutionary change. The IJU emerges out of that political context,” Hashemi said.
While union members have been charged with attacks on U.S. and German targets overseas and could have links to al-Qaeda, “Muhtorov may not have any intention of committing a terrorist act against Americans. It depends on where he was flying to and what the objective of the mission was,” he said.
“My sense is the target of his ire and his angst is back in his native country. If he was targeting Western forces, that would raise serious concerns,” Hashemi said. “But if one wants to be objective, it would be highly irresponsible for someone to render a judgment on this case without bringing it back to Uzbekistan and the political regime there.” Read more here
Posted in Denver, FBI, Human Rights Watch, Islamic, police, security/terrorism, Uzbek | Tagged: dictator, Freedom Fighters, human rights, Human Rights Watch, refugees, resettlement, terrorism, torture, Uzbek, Uzbekistan | 1 Comment »
Posted by Christopher Coen on December 19, 2011
Vandals did damage to a row of cars and to several of the windows of an apartment building in Fort Morgan, Colo. where Somali immigrants reside. Fort Morgan is a site of secondary migration with refugees arriving in search of meatpacking jobs. A blurb at KUSA-TV 9News explains the story:
FORT MORGAN – Leaders in a local Somali immigrant community say they’re fearing for their safety after the windows of about eight of their cars were shot out Saturday night.
Police in Fort Morgan say vandals used a BB gun to attack the cars at an apartment complex which is primarily home to Somali refugees…
…The vandals caused about $3,000 in damage to an entire row of cars and to several of the windows of the apartment building where most of the immigrants live…
…Police are still trying to identify any suspects. At this point, they say they need to gather more information about the incident before they can call it a hate crime…
…Fort Morgan police say another car was vandalized in a similar manner Saturday night in a different part of town. They are trying to determine if the two incidents are related… Read more here
Posted in Fort Morgan, meatpacking industry, safety, secondary migration, refugee, Somali | Tagged: Fort Morgan, hate crime, meat packing, refugees, resettlement, secondary migration, Somali, vandalism | Leave a Comment »
Posted by Christopher Coen on October 10, 2011
Colorado’s eligibility crackdown on its Old Age Pension will not effect elderly refugees. Formerly, immigrants living in Colorado could sponsor their elderly parents as immigrants by telling the federal government they would take care of their relatives, but then sign up their family members for the Old Age Pension. Now, there is a five-year residency requirement, putting the state in line with federal benefits law. The new law also allows exceptions for hardship cases, such as elderly immigrants who are refugees. An article in the Denver Post has more:
For years, Colorado was known as a place with a unique legal loophole that allowed people to import their elderly immigrant relatives — family members they’d already promised to provide for — and immediately make taxpayers support them…
…The Old Age Pension program provides more than 23,000 low-income Colorado residents who are at least 60 years old with cash benefits of up to $699 per month…
…Voters added the Old Age Pension program to the state constitution in 1936. Originally, recipients had to have lived in Colorado for 35 years before getting the pension, but courts struck down the requirement as well as another requiring recipients to be U.S. citizens, meaning lawful permanent residents are eligible.
However, a remaining provision of the constitutional amendment says that the income of the family of the recipient can’t be considered in determining eligibility for the program. That’s despite the fact that under federal law, a person who sponsors an immigrant must sign a form pledging to be responsible for the immigrant…
…State officials and caseworkers say the frequent result was that people living in Colorado sponsored their elderly parents as immigrants, telling the federal government they take care of their relatives but then signing up their family members for the Old Age Pension.
With the five-year residency requirement, the program became aligned with federal law, which imposes the same waiting period to receive federal benefits…
…The new law does allow some exceptions for hardship cases, such as those elderly immigrants who are refugees or who are abandoned by their sponsors… Read more here
Posted in Colorado, elderly refugees, reform | Tagged: Colorado, elderly, immigrants, Old Age Pension, reform, refugees, resettlement | Leave a Comment »
Posted by Christopher Coen on August 21, 2011
Refugees have migrated to the rural agricultural community of Fort Morgan, Colorado since 2005, mainly in search of meatpacking jobs at the local Cargill plant. Most of the refugees are Somalis. An article in the Denver Post has more:
There is no sign, nothing to indicate this is a place of worship, just an open door in an alley near the Goodwill store and the sound of Arabic crackling over a tinny sound system.
The mosque is behind a real estate agency on Main Street in Fort Morgan. On Fridays, the Somali men come — standing, kneeling and pressing their foreheads to the floor in the rhythms of Islamic prayer.
The imam, or spiritual leader, does not have time to talk after his sermon. He has to hurry off to work second shift at the Cargill meatpacking plant.
The latest wave of immigrants to remake the face of this rural agricultural community of 12,000 is black, Muslim and scarred from experiences in a failed state.
An estimated 900 to 1,100 Somalis — most of them refugees — now live here, drawn by employment at Cargill in the past six years…
…The first Somalis arrived in Fort Morgan in 2005 — young men at first, there to feel the place out.
The meatpacking industry was struggling to find workers at the time, said Nicole Johnson-Hoffman, the manager of the Cargill plant in Fort Morgan. So company representatives fanned out to workforce centers across the country offering relocation packages, temporary lodging and food vouchers.
The company, which employs 2,000 in Fort Morgan, does not target particular ethnic groups, Johnson-Hoffman said.
But Somalis, like others before them, were willing to do work others would not. As the first wave of men contacted friends and relatives, families began arriving…
…Police Chief Keith Kuretich started to field complaints: Groups of 30 Somali men were loitering and littering outside a store. Somalis were haggling over prices at Walmart and holding up checkout lines. Their driving was dangerously bad…
…Kuretich has been at the forefront of refuting falsehoods about the newcomers. He recently discredited an e-mail that claimed two Somali men had attempted to abduct a child from the Walmart parking lot.
Real problems, however, do exist, including two or three domestic violence cases…
…On Nov. 3, 2009, a Somali man from Greeley fatally stabbed his 27-year-old Somali ex-girlfriend in a Fort Morgan apartment hallway — the eighth homicide in the city since 2000 at that time.
An out-of-town website that is critical of refugee resettlement spun tales of an honor killing. Kuretich dismissed that characterization, describing it as a domestic incident unrelated to religion or ethnicity.
The killing, however, provided fuel to those already unhappy about their new neighbors… Read more here
I understand some of people’s frustration when dealing with new Americans as they learn to navigate a new culture, but there seems to be an almost hair-trigger reaction by some Americans when it comes to their reaction toward Muslim immigrants. It’s as if they can’t make any distinction between the world’s billion and a half Muslims and the relatively few terrorists who try to justify violence in the name of Islam. According to a recent article in Salon.com, a Gallup poll indicates that Muslims in America are the religious group that is most likely to reject attacks on civilians by terrorists or the military.
Posted in anti-Islamic, capacity, Colorado, Fort Morgan, Islamic, meatpacking industry, police, secondary migration, refugee, security/terrorism, Somali | Tagged: Cargill, Colorado, Fort Morgan, islam, jobs, meatpacking, Morgan County, Muslims, OneMorgan, refugees, secondary migration, Somali | Leave a Comment »
Posted by Christopher Coen on November 25, 2010
According to an article in the Boston Globe Iraqi Mandaean refugees – Mandaeanism is an ancient religion – are desperate to find a country that will take them all in, however no one wants all of them. In addition, the U.S. has decided to resettle the Mandaean refugees around the country rather than allow them to live together in one area, as they have requested.
BOSTON—No single country wants to take all the Iraqi Mandaean refugees, and that’s putting the tiny population at risk, a United Nations refugee official said Thursday…
…Mandaeanism is a tiny, ancient religion that views John the Baptist as its great teacher. About 60,000 Mandaeans recently have fled Iraq and Iran because of persecution, many to Jordan and Syria.
Since 2007, more than 1,200 Iraqi Mandaean refugees have been resettled in the United States, according to the U.S. State Department. The groups are scattered mostly in Massachusetts, Michigan, Texas, Colorado and California. Populations also have been resettled in Europe and Australia.
Boston Mandaean doctor Wisam Breegi said Mandaeans need to be resettled together for support in one place, like Boston, or the population will disappear within two generations.
“This community has no country and is scattered all over the world,” Breegi said. “There needs to be an effort to try to keep Mandaeans together.”…Read more here
Posted in Boston, California, Colorado, Iraqi, Mandaean, Massachusetts, Michigan, Texas | Tagged: Boston, Iraq, Iraqi refugees, Lutheran Social Services in Worcester, Mandaean, Mandaean refugees, refugee resettlement, refugee resettlement agencies, refugee resettlement program, UN, United Nations, Vincent Cochetel | Leave a Comment »
Posted by Christopher Coen on April 21, 2010
Eric Schwartz the State Department’s Assistant Secretary of State for Population, Refugees, and Migration issued a letter about the 30th Anniversary of the U.S. Refugee Program as well as his recent visits to Denver and Phoenix (here).
Mr. Schwartz said that during his trips to Denver and Phoenix that he saw “the full range of stakeholders” in both cities, including state, county and local government officials; local voluntary agency resettlement staff; local police, public health, education, employment and transportation officials; and resettled refugees.
And how was he able to access local refugee clients? Through local refugee resettlement contractors who were able to determine which refugees he could meet, no doubt. I bet that refugees who were none too pleased with their resettlement certainly were not invited to take part. Under what logical scheme are private contractors allowed to decide who government funding and oversight agencies are able to meet with? It also sounds like Mr. Schwartz did not meet with any members of the local community, i.e citizens. Why not? Isn’t the refugee program supposed to be serving the American public’s humanitarian interests? The refugee program is a public program, and the last time I checked the government is supposed to be ”of, by and for” the people. Yet he just meets with government employees, government contractors, and few hand-selected refugees.
Then he delved into the most important aspect of his claimed efforts to help refugees — the honey pot.
“We were so very gratified by the strong and unequivocal messages of support we received from local community members, who were enthusiastic about the State Department’s recent decision to double the level of initial assistance provided to newly arriving refugees.”
By “local community members” he meant “local government contractors”. Well gee, of course they love getting more government funding. Who wouldn’t? But more importantly, who do they answer to for it? The refugees? No, they are powerless. To local citizens? No, this is a secretive program that restricts citizen involvement. To the State Department? Not really. Their oversight is weak and ineffective. They think being “nice” to their great “partners” (resettlement contractors) is the best way to operate – strangely, since it’s proven so disastrous over the past two decades. Contract requirements and regulations violated? Not to worry. The contractors have such a hard time of things you see. They must have good reasons for these continuing violations. Be nice to them. But then who will be nice to the refugees with such weak program oversight?
“Throughout the visit I was struck by the extraordinary efforts of our partners in the field. They are working assiduously to meet the needs of the refugee populations they serve, and their personal commitment to the service of others was as inspiring as it was impressive.”
Well again, all of that is really nice, but what about the extreme problems in the refugee program with refugee resettlement contractors who just will not, or cannot, provide even the most minimal services and material items to refugees? Wouldn’t it also be nice to address that issue once in a while? What about the contractors who are supposed to be bringing significant private funding to the program yet rely almost exclusively on government funding, and every week trumpet to the newspapers the lie that refugees are in dire straits because the government doesn’t give enough money?
Posted in Arizona, Assistant Secretary of the PRM, Colorado, Denver, Eric P. Schwartz (former Asst Sec.), funding, government, neglect, Phoenix, PRM, public/private partnership, R&P, State Department | Tagged: 1980 Refugee Act, 30th anniversary, contractors, Denver, Department of State, Eric Schwartz, government funding, oversight, Phoenix, Population Refugees and Migration, private funding, PRM, public funding, public/private partneship, R&P, refugee, refugees, resettlement agencies, State Department | 1 Comment »
Christopher Coen
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